Build OAuth2 Authorization URLs in Your Browser OAuth2 URL Builder tool for network operations.

The tool utilizes the `URL` API to construct and manipulate the authorization URL, allowing it to handle complex query parameter logic and encoding schemes. When generating the URL, it uses the `searchParams` property to set key-value pairs for parameters such as `response_type`, `client_id`, and `redirect_uri`. This approach ensures that the resulting URL is properly formatted according to the OAuth 2.0 specification (RFC 6749). The tool also employs React hooks, specifically `useState` and `useMemo`, to manage its state and optimize computations. For instance, the `authUrl` value is computed using `useMemo`, which re-evaluates the expression only when dependencies like `authEndpoint` or `clientId` change.

Under the hood, the tool relies on the Web Cryptography API (`crypto`) to generate cryptographically secure random values for the `state` and `nonce` parameters. The `generateRandom` function uses `crypto.getRandomValues` to fill a `Uint8Array` with random bytes, which are then converted to a hexadecimal string using `toString(16)`. This ensures that the generated values are unique and unpredictable, reducing the risk of CSRF attacks or other security vulnerabilities. Additionally, the tool's input validation logic handles edge cases such as empty or malformed input values, preventing errors and ensuring that the generated URL is valid and functional.

The tool's implementation also takes advantage of modern JavaScript features like ES6+ syntax and React hooks to maintain a concise and readable codebase. The `useCallback` hook is used to memoize functions like `handleCopy` and `generateRandom`, which helps prevent unnecessary re-renders and improves performance. Overall, the tool's technical implementation demonstrates a deep understanding of OAuth 2.0 protocols, web security best practices, and modern front-end development techniques.