Convert Decimal Numbers to IP Addresses Decimal to IP tool for network operations.

The tool works under the hood by utilizing a combination of bitwise operations and string manipulation to convert the decimal input into its corresponding IPv4 address. It first trims the input string and checks if it's empty, then attempts to parse it as an integer using `parseInt` with base 10. If the parsing fails or the number is out of range (less than 0 or greater than 4294967295), it throws an error. The decimalToIpv4 function uses bitwise shift operators (`>>>`) to extract the individual octets from the input number, which are then joined together with dots to form the IPv4 address.

The tool's conversion process relies on the `useState` and `useEffect` React hooks to manage its state and handle changes to the input field in real-time. When the user types a new decimal value, the `useEffect` hook is triggered, which calls the `decimalToIpv4` function to perform the conversion and updates the component's state with the result. The tool also uses the `copyToClipboard` function from the `/lib/utils` module to handle copying the converted IP address to the user's clipboard.

In terms of data structures, the tool represents the IPv4 address as an object containing the address string and an array of octet values, which are then used to populate the breakdown table. The table itself is rendered using a combination of JSX and React's `map` function to iterate over the octet array and generate the individual table rows. The tool also uses modern browser APIs, such as the `clipboard` API, to handle copying the converted IP address, and ES6+ features like arrow functions and template literals to simplify its codebase.

The breakdown table is generated by mapping over the octet array and using template literals to insert the decimal and binary values into the table cells. The binary representation of each octet is obtained by calling the `toString` method with a radix of 2, which converts the number to a binary string, and then padding it with zeros to ensure it's always 8 bits long. The bit positions are calculated using simple arithmetic operations, subtracting the current octet index from 31 to get the starting bit position, and then subtracting 8 times the index to get the ending bit position.

The tool's client-side implementation allows it to operate without sending any data to a server, making it suitable for sensitive operations. The React hooks and modern browser APIs used in its implementation ensure a fast and responsive user experience, while the input validation and error handling mechanisms help prevent errors and provide useful feedback to the user. Overall, the tool's design and implementation provide a reliable and efficient way to convert decimal numbers to IPv4 addresses.