Convert IP Addresses to Decimal Format IP to Decimal tool for network operations.

The tool works under the hood by using client-side JavaScript and browser APIs to parse IPv4 addresses according to the relevant RFCs. It employs the `ipv4ToDecimal` function to perform the conversion, which splits the input string into four octets using the dot as a separator. Each octet is then validated to ensure it falls within the range of 0-255, and if valid, converted to an integer using `parseInt`. The decimal equivalent is calculated by multiplying each octet by its corresponding power of two (2^24, 2^16, 2^8, and 2^0) and summing the results. This calculation is represented as a formula in the output, providing transparency into the conversion process.

The tool utilizes React hooks such as `useState`, `useEffect`, and `useMemo` to manage state and optimize performance. For instance, `useEffect` is used to trigger the conversion process whenever the input field changes, allowing for real-time updates without requiring manual submission. The `batchResults` array is computed using `useMemo`, which ensures that it only recalculates when the batch input changes, reducing unnecessary computations. Additionally, the tool incorporates modern JavaScript features like ES6+ syntax and functional programming principles to maintain a concise and readable codebase.

In terms of data structures, the tool uses arrays to store the octet values and the batch results, facilitating efficient iteration and manipulation of the data. The `ConversionResult` interface defines the structure of the output object, which contains the decimal equivalent, the original octets, and the calculation formula. By leveraging these technologies and design principles, the tool provides a fast, secure, and reliable way to convert IPv4 addresses to decimal numbers in a variety of network applications. The use of `copyToClipboard` API allows users to easily copy the results to the clipboard for further use, making it a convenient ip to decimal converter.